Product Description

Plaintiffs alleged in publicly filed U.S. asbestos personal-injury and wrongful-death litigation that Spaulding Fibre Company (Tonawanda, New York) manufactured an asbestos-reinforced phenolic sheet grade — the heat-service and arc-resistant tier of its Tonawanda industrial-laminate line — as part of its broader phenolic-laminate and vulcanized-fiber catalog. Spaulding was one of the founding U.S. industrial-laminate majors alongside GE (Textolite), Westinghouse (Micarta), Formica, Taylor Fibre, Continental Diamond Fibre, and National Vulcanized Fibre.

The Spaulding asbestos phenolic sheet grade was allegedly produced by impregnating asbestos paper and/or asbestos cloth with phenol-formaldehyde resin, stacking the impregnated sheets, and press-curing under heat and pressure to yield a rigid laminate sheet. This heat-service grade was allegedly specified for transformer coil forms, switchgear barrier panels, arc chutes and arc shields, terminal boards, motor-slot insulation, and industrial tooling where dielectric strength, arc resistance, and heat resistance were required beyond what a paper- or cotton-only phenolic laminate could deliver.

Asbestos Content

Plaintiffs alleged in publicly filed litigation that the Spaulding asbestos phenolic sheet grade was manufactured with asbestos-fiber reinforcement as an intentional and load-bearing constituent of the laminate. The asbestos reinforcement contributed dielectric strength, arc resistance, and heat resistance beyond what unfilled or paper-only phenolic laminate could achieve, and stabilized dimensions under sustained thermal load in electrical service.

Once cured, phenolic laminates encapsulate the asbestos reinforcement within a rigid resin matrix. However, the bonded state of fibers in the cured laminate does not eliminate exposure risk across the product lifecycle. Asbestos fibers become releasable whenever the laminate is sawed, sheared, drilled, punched, ground, sanded, filed, or machined during fabrication of finished electrical parts.

Workers Exposed

Litigation records allegedly document that industrial workers encountered Spaulding asbestos phenolic sheet grades at multiple stages — from Tonawanda mill operations through downstream fabrication and field service:

  • Sheet-line and press operations — impregnating, stacking, and press-curing laminate stock at the Tonawanda plant
  • Stock receiving and handling — moving laminate sheet stock through downstream fabrication plants
  • Sawing, shearing, and blanking — cutting laminate stock to finished dimensions releases visible dust
  • Drilling, punching, and routing — every hole and cutout releases fiber-laden dust
  • Grinding, sanding, and edge-finishing — finishing the cut blank produces the finest respirable fraction
  • Assembly and installation — fitting Spaulding panels into switchgear, transformers, and breaker cabinets
  • Field service and repair — downstream electricians and switchgear technicians sawing and drilling laminate panels during installation and rebuild